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Common rail fuel system on a Volvo truck engine. In 1916 Vickers pioneered the use of mechanical common rail systems in G-class submarine engines. For every 90° of rotation, four plunger pumps allowed a constant injection pressure of 3,000 pounds per square inch (210 bar; 21 MPa), with fuel delivery to individual cylinders being shut off by valves in the injector lines. [1]
Fuel is pumped from the tank to a large control valve called a fuel distributor, which divides the single fuel supply line from the tank into smaller lines, one for each injector. The fuel distributor is mounted atop a control vane through which all intake air must pass, and the system works by varying fuel volume supplied to the injectors ...
The term fuel injection is vague and comprises various distinct systems with fundamentally different functional principles. The only thing all fuel injection systems have in common is the absence of carburetion. There are two main functional principles of mixture formation systems for internal combustion engines: internal and external.
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Before the invention of precombustion chamber injection, air-blast injection was the only way a properly working internal air fuel mixture system could be built, required for a Diesel engine. During the 1920s, [ 2 ] air-blast injection was rendered obsolete by superior injection system designs that allowed much smaller but more powerful engines ...
The Unit Pump system [1] is a modular high-pressure diesel injection system, which is closely related to the unit Injector system, and is designed for use in commercial vehicle diesel engines. [2] The systems use an individual injection pump mounted on the engine block for each cylinder so it is primarily designed for OHV or "cam in the block ...
Detail Routing Diagram, Machine-tool equipment and paths in a wagon- and carriage-axle plant by Charles Day, 1911. A routing diagram or route diagram in the field of management engineering is a type of diagram, that shows a route through an accessible physical space. [1] Routing diagrams are used in plant layout study, and manufacturing plant ...
The pump element is still on the way down, the solenoid is now energised and the fuel line is immediately closed. The fuel cannot pass back into the return duct, and is now compressed by the plunger until pressure exceeds specific “opening” pressure, and the injector nozzle needle lifts, allowing fuel to be injected into the combustion ...