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For female infants, father absence (as opposed to presence) was associated with a lower risk of dying, as well as higher nutritional status. That is to say, father absence was only a statistical predictor of infant death only for male infants. Such a sex difference has been observed despite a strong cultural preference for sons in the area.
He states that 1 in 4 children live in single parent homes, children who grow up without their fathers are 5 times as likely to be unemployed and 3 times as likely to be involved in crime, 80% of all social housing is for single parent families, and that taxpayer costs for fatherlessness are at least £15B per year. [70]
The fathers' rights movement is a social movement whose members are primarily interested in issues related to family law, including child custody and child support, that affect fathers and their children. [1] [2] [3] Many of its members are fathers who desire to share the parenting of their children equally with their children's mothers ...
Helmut Kentler (2 July 1928 – 9 July 2008) was a German psychologist, sexologist and professor of social education at the University of Hannover.From the late 1960s until the early 1990s, with the authorization and financial support of the Berlin Senate, Kentler placed several neglected youth aged 13 to 15 as foster children in the homes of single pedophile fathers.
Official statistics on child abandonment do not exist in most countries. [5] In Denmark, an estimate of child abandonment prevalence was 1.7 infants per 100,000 births, [5] with another source suggesting higher prevalence in Central and Eastern European countries such as Slovakia with data suggesting 4.9 per 1,000 live births. [11]
A single parent is a person who has a child or children but does not have a spouse or live-in partner to assist in the upbringing or support of the child. Reasons for becoming a single parent include death, divorce, break-up, abandonment, becoming widowed, domestic violence, rape, childbirth by a single person or single-person adoption.
While fathers are not normally seen as primary caregivers, statistics show that 90% of single-fathers are employed, and 72% have a full-time job. [13] Little research has been done to suggest the hardships of the "single father as a caretaker" relationship; however, a great deal has been done on the hardships of a single-parent household.
The paternal age effect is the statistical relationship between the father's age at conception and biological effects on the child. [1] Such effects can relate to birthweight , congenital disorders, life expectancy, and psychological outcomes. [ 2 ]