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The period of Neo-Babylonian rule thus saw unprecedented economic and population growth throughout Babylonia, as well as a renaissance of culture and artwork as Neo-Babylonian kings conducted massive building projects, especially in Babylon itself, bringing back many elements from the previous 2,000 years of Sumero-Akkadian culture.
Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylon, ruled for around 43 years, from 605 BC to 562 BC. Nebuchadnezzar, like many other foreign rulers of Phoenicia before him, exploited Phoenicia's resources to enrich his empire. The economic benefits he gained included harvesting timber, which greatly financed his construction projects throughout Mesopotamia. [4]
The Chaldean dynasty, also known as the Neo-Babylonian dynasty [2] [b] and enumerated as Dynasty X of Babylon, [2] [c] was the ruling dynasty of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling as kings of Babylon from the ascent of Nabopolassar in 626 BC to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC.
Fragment of the Code of Hammurabi.One of the most important institutions of Mesopotamia and the ancient world. It was a compilation of previous laws (Code of Ur-Namma, Code of Ešnunna) that were shaped and renewed in the time of Hammurabi and was made to be embodied in cuneiform script on sculptures and rocks in all public places throughout the ancient Babylonian state, heir to the Akkadian ...
The House of Egibi was a family from within ancient Babylonia who were, amongst other things, involved in mercantile activities.. The family’s financial activities are known to archaeologists via an archive of about 1,700 clay tablets spanning five generations of the family, dating to a period from around 600 to 482 BCE.
Babylonian forces had first come into contact with the Arabian kingdoms proper with the conquest of the Levant from Assyria, [61] and the campaign was most likely intended to expand the Babylonian Empire westwards. [55] Due to the many trade routes passing through Arabia, the region was incredibly wealthy and represented an appealing target. [62]
The Neo-Babylonian Empire Panorama view of the reconstructed Southern Palace of Nebuchadnezzar II, 6th century BC, Babylon, Iraq. In 620 BC Nabopolassar seized control over much of Babylonia with the support of most of the inhabitants, with only the city of Nippur and some northern regions showing any loyalty to the beleaguered Assyrian king. [17]
Ashurbanipal's lineage may have survived the fall of Assyria in 612–609. The mother of the last Neo-Babylonian king Nabonidus, Adad-guppi, was from Harran and had Assyrian ancestry. According to her own inscriptions, Adad-guppi was born in the 20th year of Ashurbanipal's reign (648, as years were counted from the king's first full year).