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Name Year Colonial power Morocco: 1912 France [1]: Libya: 1911 Italy [2]: Fulani Empire: 1903 France and the United Kingdom: Swaziland: 1902 United Kingdom [3]: Ashanti Confederacy: 1900 ...
There were many kingdoms and empires in all regions of the continent of Africa throughout history. A kingdom is a state with a king or queen as its head. [1] An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant centre and subordinate peripheries".
In the early historical period, colonies were founded in North Africa by migrants from Europe and Western Asia, particularly Greeks and Phoenecians. Under Egypt 's Pharaoh Amasis (570–526 BC) a Greek mercantile colony was established at Naucratis , some 50 miles from the later Alexandria. [ 2 ]
The following is a list of European colonies in Africa, organized alphabetically by the colonizing country. France had the most colonies in Africa with 35 colonies followed by Britain with 32. [ 1 ]
The British also took an interest in Africa, using the East Africa Company to take over what is now Kenya and Uganda. The British crown formally took over in 1895 and renamed the area the East Africa Protectorate. Leopold II of Belgium personally owned the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908, under his rule many atrocities were committed. [55]
List of former European colonies; List of Israeli settlements; Concessions and leases in international relations; Punitive expedition; Chartered company; List of trading companies; European colonisation of Southeast Asia; European colonization of the Americas; Berlin Conference; Concessions in China; Tangier International Zone; Peking Legation ...
As early as 1857, the French established volunteer units of black soldiers in sub-Sahara Africa, termed the Tirailleurs Sénégalais. They served in military operations throughout the Empire, including 171,000 soldiers in World War I and 160,000 in World War II. [ 42 ]
Before the expansion of early modern European powers, other empires had conquered and colonized territories, such as the Roman Empire in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia. Modern colonial empires first emerged with a race of exploration between the then most advanced European maritime powers, Portugal and Spain , during the 15th century. [ 2 ]