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  2. Mind-wandering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind-wandering

    About 60% of the time after a target word a thought probe will appear to gauge whether thoughts were on task. If participants were not engaged in the task they were experiencing task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs), signifying mind-wandering. [4] [23] [volume needed] [page needed] Another task to judge TUTs is the experience sampling method (ESM).

  3. Analysis paralysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_paralysis

    Analysis paralysis is a critical problem in athletics. It can be explained in simple terms as "failure to react in response to overthought". A victim of sporting analysis paralysis will frequently think in complicated terms of "what to do next" while contemplating the variety of possibilities, and in doing so exhausts the available time in which to act.

  4. Dual process theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_process_theory

    The test is designed as a measure of a person's logical thinking ability. [50] Performance on the Wason Selection Task is sensitive to the content and context with which it is presented. If you introduce a negative component into the conditional statement of the Wason Selection Task, e.g.

  5. Foresight (futures studies) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foresight_(futures_studies)

    futures (forecasting, forward thinking, prospectives), planning (strategic analysis, priority setting), and; networking (participatory, dialogic) tools and orientations. Much futurology research has been rather ivory tower work, but Foresight programmes were designed to influence policy - often R&D policy. Much technology policy had been very ...

  6. Forward chaining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_chaining

    Forward chaining (or forward reasoning) is one of the two main methods of reasoning when using an inference engine and can be described logically as repeated application of modus ponens. Forward chaining is a popular implementation strategy for expert systems, business and production rule systems. The opposite of forward chaining is backward ...

  7. Cognitive flexibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_flexibility

    Cognitive flexibility [note 1] is an intrinsic property of a cognitive system often associated with the mental ability to adjust its activity and content, switch between different task rules and corresponding behavioral responses, maintain multiple concepts simultaneously and shift internal attention between them. [1]

  8. Thinking, Fast and Slow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thinking,_Fast_and_Slow

    Thinking, Fast and Slow is a 2011 popular science book by psychologist Daniel Kahneman. The book's main thesis is a differentiation between two modes of thought : "System 1" is fast, instinctive and emotional ; "System 2" is slower, more deliberative , and more logical .

  9. Telescoping effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescoping_effect

    The former is known as backward telescoping or time expansion, and the latter as is known as forward telescoping. [ 1 ] The approximate time frame in which events switch from being displaced backward in time to forward in time is three years, with events occurring three years in the past being equally likely to be reported with forward ...