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The next day, Isabella was proclaimed Queen of Castile and León. Isabella's reign got off to a rocky start. King Henry IV had named Isabella as his successor, so when she ascended to the throne in 1474, there were already several plots against her.
Isabella II (Spanish: Isabel II, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. [1] [n. 1] Isabella was the elder daughter of King Ferdinand VII and Queen Maria Christina.
[citation needed] The enslavement of Native Americans had been declared illegal in Castile in 1501, when Isabella I declared native Americans to be both people and subjects of the Castilian crown, and so subject to the same rights and obligations as any other subject of the queen. Under those regulations, slavery was permitted almost ...
Queen Isabella's marriage with Ferdinand of Aragon ensured a united front of Castile and Aragon against Granada. The truce of 1478 was still theoretically in effect when Granada launched a surprise attack against Zahara in December 1481, as part of a reprisal for a Christian raid. [6] The town fell, and the population was enslaved.
Thus began the effective reign of Isabella II (1843–1868), which was a very complex period, not without its ups and downs, which marked the rest of the political situation of the 19th century and part of the 20th century in Spain. [1] [2] The proclamation of the coming of age of Isabella II and the "Olózaga incident" produced a political vacuum.
King Ferdinand II of Aragon had tried to negotiate the surrender of the city several times during the siege, but the defending forces declined it. As a result, the conquerors imposed a harsh penalty to the defeated side: the population was condemned to slavery or death, other than the group led by Ali Dordux. [4] Hamet el Zegrí was executed. [20]
Centuries of retelling seem to have stripped al Hurra’s life story of her power as an African queen, as an avenging pirate. She became Montalvo’s Calafia, who was subjugated by Spain.
However, Queen Isabella I of Castile forbade slavery of the native population and deemed the indigenous to be "free vassals of the crown". [6] Various versions of the Laws of the Indies from 1512 onwards attempted to regulate the interactions between the settlers and natives.