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Ethylene glycol may also be one of the minor ingredients in screen cleaning solutions, along with the main ingredient isopropyl alcohol. Ethylene glycol is commonly used as a preservative for biological specimens, especially in secondary schools during dissection as a safer alternative to formaldehyde. It is also used as part of the water-based ...
The most common source of ethylene glycol is automotive antifreeze or radiator coolant, where concentrations are high. [9] Other sources of ethylene glycol include windshield deicing agents, brake fluid, motor oil, developing solutions for hobby photographers, wood stains, solvents, and paints. [9]
R' = H or alkyl C7 or less; or OR' consisting of carboxylic acid ester, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, or sulfonate. Polymers are excluded from the glycol category, as well as surfactant alcohol ethoxylates (where R is an alkyl C8 or greater) and their derivatives, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (CAS 111-76-2).
Ethylene glycol 1.115 Diethylene glycol 1.118 Propylene carbonate 1.21 Formic acid 1.22 1,2-Dichloroethane 1.245 Glycerin 1.261 Carbon disulfide 1.263 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1.306 Methylene chloride 1.325 Nitromethane 1.382 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol 1.393 Chloroform 1.498 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane 1.575 Carbon tetrachloride 1.594
The resulting product is two ethylene glycol molecules joined by an ether bond. [5] "Diethylene glycol is derived as a co-product with ethylene glycol (MEG) and triethylene glycol. The industry generally operates to maximize MEG production. Ethylene glycol is by far the largest volume of the glycol products in a variety of applications.
Hazardous waste is waste that must be handled properly to avoid damaging human health or the environment. Waste can be hazardous because it is toxic, reacts violently with other chemicals, or is corrosive, among other traits. [1] As of 2022, humanity produces 300-500 million metric tons of hazardous waste annually. [2]
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prohibits disposing of certain materials down drains. [4] Therefore, when hazardous chemical waste is generated in a laboratory setting, it is usually stored on-site in appropriate waste containers, such as triple-rinsed chemical storage containers [5] or carboys, where it is later collected and disposed of in order to meet safety, health, and ...
The 1,2‑diols present for protecting-group chemistry a special class of alcohols. One can exploit the adjacency of two hydroxy groups, e.g. in sugars, in that one protects both hydroxy groups codependently as an acetal. Common in this situation are the benzylidene, isopropylidene and cyclohexylidene or cyclopentylidene acetals.