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A gonad, sex gland, or reproductive gland [1] is a mixed gland and sex organ that produces the gametes and sex hormones of an organism. Female reproductive cells are egg cells, and male reproductive cells are sperm. [2] The male gonad, the testicle, produces sperm in the form of spermatozoa. The female gonad, the ovary, produces egg cells
The anterior portion of the pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the gonads produce estrogen and testosterone. In oviparous organisms (e.g. fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds), the HPG axis is commonly referred to as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis (HPGL-axis) in females.
Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates. [1] [2] [3] This family includes the mammalian hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), the placental/chorionic gonadotropins, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), [3] as well as at least two forms of fish ...
Gonads: ovaries: testicles: Levels of sex hormones: high estrogen and gestagens (including progesterone); low androgens (including testosterone) high androgens (including testosterone) Anatomy of internal genitalia: clitoral crura, vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes: corpora cavernosa, prostate, vas deferens, seminal vesicles: Anatomy of external ...
Gonadotropic cells (also known as gonadotropes, gonadotrophs, delta cells, or delta basophils) are endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary that produce gonadotropins.More specifically, gonadotrophs produce and secrete glycoprotein polypeptide hormones, such as the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are released due to the positive input of gonadotropin ...
The following is a list of hormones found in Homo sapiens. Spelling is not uniform for many hormones. Spelling is not uniform for many hormones. For example, current North American and international usage uses [ citation needed ] estrogen and gonadotropin, while British usage retains the Greek digraph in oestrogen and favours the earlier ...
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids, gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. [1] The sex hormones include the androgens , estrogens , and progestogens .
As primary sex organs, gonads generate reproductive gametes containing inheritable DNA. They also produce most of the primary hormones that affect sexual development, and regulate other sexual organs and sexually differentiated behaviors. Secondary sex organs are the rest of the reproductive system, whether internal or external.