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It is also important to consider the morphology of the galaxy when attempting to measure its size – an issue that has been raised by the Russian astrophysicist B.A. Vorontsov-Vel'Yaminov in 1961, which considers separate determination methods in measuring the sizes of spiral and elliptical galaxies. [2]
Halo stars may be acquired from small galaxies which fall into and merge with the spiral galaxy—for example, the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy is in the process of merging with the Milky Way and observations show that some stars in the halo of the Milky Way have been acquired from it.
A spiral galaxy is a type of galaxy characterized by a central bulge of old Population II stars surrounded by a rotating disc of younger Population I stars. A spiral galaxy maintains its spiral arms due to density wave theory.
Size (left) and distance (right) of a few well-known galaxies put to scale. There are an estimated 100 billion galaxies in all of the observable universe. [1] On the order of 100,000 galaxies make up the Local Supercluster, and about 51 galaxies are in the Local Group (see list of nearest galaxies for a complete list).
The Milky Way Galaxy [4] is only one of the billions of galaxies in the known universe. Galaxies are classified into spirals, [5] ellipticals, irregular, and peculiar. Sizes can range from only a few thousand stars (dwarf irregulars) to 10 13 stars in giant ellipticals. Elliptical galaxies are spherical or elliptical in appearance.
IC 342 (also known as Caldwell 5) is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis, located relatively close to the Milky Way.Despite its size and actual brightness, its location behind dusty areas near the galactic equator makes it difficult to observe, leading to the nickname "The Hidden Galaxy", [4] [1] though it can readily be detected even with binoculars. [5]
UGC 2885 (Rubin's Galaxy, [10] nicknamed "Godzilla galaxy" [11]) is a large barred spiral galaxy of type SA(rs)c in the constellation Perseus.It is 232 million light-years (71 Mpc) from Earth and measures 463,000 ly (142,000 pc) across, making it one of the largest known spiral galaxies.
Spiral galaxy UGC 12591 is classified as an S0/Sa galaxy. [1] The Hubble sequence is a morphological classification scheme for galaxies invented by Edwin Hubble in 1926. [2] [3] It is often known colloquially as the “Hubble tuning-fork” because of the shape in which it is traditionally represented.