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Ottoman headdresses indicated the status and occupation of the wearer. Royal turbans could be decorated with feathers in an ornamental aigrette. Starting from the 19th century, sultans started wearing fezzes instead of turbans. The daughters of sultans would receive luxurious jewelry when marrying, including diadems or veils with jewels ...
In 1827, 50,000 fezzes were ordered from Tunis for the sultan's troops. [27] In 1829 the Sultan ordered his civil officials to wear the plain fez, and banned the wearing of turbans. [28] [29] [30] The intention was to coerce the populace at large to update to the fez, and the plan was successful.
The turban helmet or Tolga [1] in Turkish, is a historical variety of combat helmet with a bulbous shape and fluting that imitates the folds of a turban. Turban helmets originated in Ottoman Turkey , primarily used by warriors and some non-Turkish auxiliaries.
At the heart of the design is a shield adorned with a turban, which serves as the "crown" of the Ottoman monarch. Above the shield, a sun symbolizes the grandeur of the nation, upon which the sultan's tughra and chosen motto are inscribed. To the left, a red book and a green book represent the Islamic and modern laws of the empire.
Illustration of Suleiman the Magnificent wearing his Venetian helmet, a four-tiered crown designed to stress that the sultan outranked even the pope (who wore a three-tiered crown) Suleiman the Magnificent's Venetian helmet was an elaborate headpiece designed to project the sultan's power in the context of the Ottoman–Habsburg rivalry .
In West Africa, there is the kufi hat, or alasho/tagelmust turban, which is worn with the grand boubou for all official functions, weddings, and Islamic celebrations. Another West African robe is called a Senegalese kaftan which is similar to an Arabic thobe, but with a different tailored cut, and the kufi or fez is often worn with it.
The fez is a cylindrical hat with a rounded tip and is usually red in color, often with a black crest. Historically, the fez became popular in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century as a symbol of modernization, replacing the turban which was considered impractical.
A specially-made chelengk was awarded to Horatio Nelson by Sultan Selim III in honour of the Battle of the Nile in 1798. This was the first time that a chelengk was conferred on a non-Ottoman. [ 3 ] The usual seven rays were augmented to thirteen, as described in a contemporary letter:
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