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Translational research forms a subset of applied research. In life-sciences, this was evidenced by a citation pattern between the applied and basic sides in cancer research that appeared around 2000. [18] In fields such as psychology, translational research is seen as a bridging between applied research and basic research types.
In organic chemistry, a condensation reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule, usually with the loss of a small molecule such as water. [1] If water is lost, the reaction is also known as a dehydration synthesis.
Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...
For a thermodynamically-controlled reaction, every difference of RT ln 10 ≈ (1.987 × 10 −3 kcal/mol K)(298 K)(2.303) ≈ 1.36 kcal/mol in the free energies of products A and B results in a factor of 10 in selectivity at room temperature (298 K), a principle known as the "1.36 rule":
Static molecular recognition is likened to the interaction between a key and a keyhole; it is a 1:1 type complexation reaction between a host molecule and a guest molecule to form a host–guest complex. To achieve advanced static molecular recognition, it is necessary to make recognition sites that are specific for guest molecules.
The ratio of the theoretical yield and the actual yield results in a percent yield. [ 8 ] When more than one reactant participates in a reaction, the yield is usually calculated based on the amount of the limiting reactant , whose amount is less than stoichiometrically equivalent (or just equivalent) to the amounts of all other reactants present.
Lessons in Chemistry is finally on AppleTV+, which means fans of Bonnie Garmus’ bestselling novel are on the lookout for any and all ways the show is different from its beloved source material.
In chemistry, racemization is a conversion, by heat or by chemical reaction, of an optically active compound into a racemic (optically inactive) form. This creates a 1:1 molar ratio of enantiomers and is referred to as a racemic mixture (i.e. contain equal amount of (+) and (−) forms).