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For example, a reference to Christianity is not clear unless one specifies exactly which denominations of Christianity are being discussed. Abdel Wahab Elmessiri (2002) outlined two meanings of the term secularization: Partial Secularization: which is the common meaning of the word, and expresses "The separation between religion and state".
Brazil was a colony of the Portuguese Empire from 1500 until the nation's independence from Portugal, in 1822, during which time Roman Catholicism was the official state religion. With the rise of the Empire of Brazil , although Catholicism retained its status as the official creed, subsidized by the state, other religions were allowed to ...
For example, some states that describe themselves as secular have religious references in their national anthems and flags, laws that benefit one religion or another, or are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and of the International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance.
In 2010, the religiously unaffiliated number 1.1 billion (about one-in-six people or 16% of the 6.9 billion population at the time), according to Pew Research Center. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] : 24 This "include atheists, agnostics and people who do not identify with any particular religion in surveys"; of that overall category, many may still hold ...
For example: Brazil, South America's largest country, is the largest Catholic country in the world, and at the same time is the largest Evangelical country in the world (based on population). [citation needed] Some of the largest Christian congregations in the world are found in Brazil. [citation needed]
Historically, the word secular was not related or linked to religion, but was a freestanding term in Latin that would relate to any mundane endeavour. [12] However, the term, saecula saeculorum (saeculōrum being the genitive plural of saeculum) as found in the New Testament in the Vulgate translation (c. 410) of the original Koine Greek phrase εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν ...
The term secular religion is often applied today to communal belief systems—as for example with the view of love as the postmodern secular religion. [11] Paul Vitz applied the term to modern psychology in as much as it fosters a cult of the self, explicitly calling "the self-theory ethic ... this secular religion". [12]
Brown, Callum G. "Secularization, the Growth of Militancy and the Spiritual Revolution: Religious Change and Gender Power in Britain, 1901–2001" Historical Research 80#209 (2007), pp. 393–418. Chadwick, Owen, The Victorian Church: Vol 1 1829–1859 (1966); Victorian Church: Part two 1860–1901 (1979); a major scholarly survey; Cox, Jeffrey.