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To "cast out nines" from a single number, its decimal digits can be simply added together to obtain its so-called digit sum. The digit sum of 2946, for example is 2 + 9 + 4 + 6 = 21. The digit sum of 2946, for example is 2 + 9 + 4 + 6 = 21.
For example: 24 x 11 = 264 because 2 + 4 = 6 and the 6 is placed in between the 2 and the 4. Second example: 87 x 11 = 957 because 8 + 7 = 15 so the 5 goes in between the 8 and the 7 and the 1 is carried to the 8. So it is basically 857 + 100 = 957.
The smaller numbers, for use when subtracting, are the nines' complement of the larger numbers, which are used when adding. In mathematics and computing , the method of complements is a technique to encode a symmetric range of positive and negative integers in a way that they can use the same algorithm (or mechanism ) for addition throughout ...
Casting out nines is a quick way of testing the calculations of sums, differences, products, and quotients of integers in decimal, a method known as long ago as the 12th century. [ 3 ] 9 is the only square number that is the sum of two consecutive, positive cubes: 3 2 = 9 = 1 3 + 2 3 {\displaystyle 3^{2}=9=1^{3}+2^{3}} [ 4 ]
For divisibility by 9, this test is called the rule of nines and is the basis of the casting out nines technique for checking calculations. Digit sums are also a common ingredient in checksum algorithms to check the arithmetic operations of early computers. [ 3 ]
Nelson rules are a method in process control of determining whether some measured variable is out of control (unpredictable versus consistent). Rules for detecting "out-of-control" or non-random conditions were first postulated by Walter A. Shewhart [1] in the 1920s.
The simplest example given by Thimbleby of a possible problem when using an immediate-execution calculator is 4 × (−5). As a written formula the value of this is −20 because the minus sign is intended to indicate a negative number, rather than a subtraction, and this is the way that it would be interpreted by a formula calculator.
3 Example's legibility. 1 comment. 4 The Examples are not very readable. 1 comment. 5 Removal of Pop Culture reference as "Unrelated" 5 comments. ... 11 Casting out ...