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The scale is open-ended with the largest eruptions in history given a magnitude of 8. A value of 0 is given for non-explosive eruptions, defined as less than 10,000 m 3 (350,000 cu ft) of tephra ejected; and 8 representing a supervolcanic eruption that can eject 1.0 × 10 12 m 3 (240 cubic miles) of tephra and have a cloud column height of over ...
Volcanic eruptions that rated 6 on the volcanic explosivity index.Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 10 km 3 (2.4 cu mi) with profound long-term effects on the surrounding area and noticeable short-term effects on global climate.
Volcanic eruptions that rated 8 on the volcanic explosivity index.Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 1,000 km 3 (240 cu mi) with annihilating long-term effects on the surrounding area and devastating short-term effects on global climate, leaving profound effects on the climate for years to come.
Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai. This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or higher, or a plume height of at least 30 km.
Supervolcano – Volcano that has had an eruption with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8; Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt – Active volcanic belt that covers central-southern Mexico; Volcanic arc – Chain of volcanoes formed above a subducting plate; Volcanic explosivity index – Predictive Qualitative scale for explosiveness of volcanic ...
Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot Material volume (km 3) Age in Ka [1] Tephra or eruption name 6 Lolobau Island: Bismarck Volcanic Arc 50 12 caldera formation 6 Menengai: Great Rift Valley, Kenya < 25 12.3 Ruplax Tuff 6 Nevado de Toluca: Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: 20 12.5 Upper Toluca Pumice 6 Sakurajima: Kyūshū: 11 12.8
The volcanic ash fall pelted the capital and La Aurora International Airport. The National Coordinator for Disaster Reduction (CONRED) declared a red alert for the communities near the volcano and recommended the evacuation of some of them. Noti7 reporter Anibal Archila, one of the first to cover the event, was reportedly killed by volcanic debris.
This is a list of volcanic eruptions from Mauna Loa, an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands that last erupted in 2022. These eruptions have taken place from the main caldera and fissures along rift zones.