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CloudFlare pioneered a pair of alternative approaches, which manage to achieve the same result in one third of the response size. [27] The first is a variation on the "white lies" approach, called "black lies", which exploits common DNS client behavior to state the nonexistence more compactly. [ 28 ]
First web browsers with SNI support appeared in 2006 (Mozilla Firefox 2.0, Internet Explorer 7), web servers later (Apache HTTP Server in 2009, Microsoft IIS in 2012). For an application program to implement SNI, the TLS library it uses must implement it and the application must pass the hostname to the TLS library.
DNS over HTTPS (DoH) is a protocol for performing remote Domain Name System (DNS) resolution via the HTTPS protocol. A goal of the method is to increase user privacy and security by preventing eavesdropping and manipulation of DNS data by man-in-the-middle attacks [1] by using the HTTPS protocol to encrypt the data between the DoH client and the DoH-based DNS resolver. [2]
Unobsoleted by RFC 8482. Currently used by Cloudflare in response to queries of the type ANY. [17] Record intended to provide information about host CPU type and operating system. It was intended to allow protocols to optimize processing when communicating with similar peers. RP 17 RFC 1183
A server implements an HSTS policy by supplying a header over an HTTPS connection (HSTS headers over HTTP are ignored). [1] For example, a server could send a header such that future requests to the domain for the next year (max-age is specified in seconds; 31,536,000 is equal to one non-leap year) use only HTTPS: Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000.
Server 2008 R2 Server 2012: Disabled by default Yes Yes Disabled by default [n 24] [64] Disabled by default [n 24] [64] No Yes Yes Yes Mitigated Not affected Vulnerable Lowest priority [65] [n 25] Mitigated [60] Mitigated [61] Yes [n 10] Internet Explorer 11 [n 20] Windows Schannel: 11 [n 26] [67] 7, 8.1 Server 2008 R2 Server 2012 [67] Server ...
1.1.1.1 is a free Domain Name System (DNS) service by the American company Cloudflare in partnership with APNIC. [7] [needs update] The service functions as a recursive name server, providing domain name resolution for any host on the Internet.
Because of high load, most OCSP responders do not use the nonce extension to create a different response for each request, instead using presigned responses with a validity period of multiple days. Thus, the replay attack is a major threat to validation systems. OCSP can support more than one level of CA.