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The earliest romanization systems for Korean emerged around the mid-19th century. Due to a number of factors, including the properties of the Korean language and alphabet, as well as social and geopolitical issues, a single settled standard did not emerge. By 1934, there were 27 extant romanization systems, and by 1997, there were over 40.
The choice of whether to use a Sino-Korean noun or a native Korean word is a delicate one, with the Sino-Korean alternative often sounding more profound or refined. It is in much the same way that Latin- or French-derived words in English are used in higher-level vocabulary sets (e.g. the sciences), thus sounding more refined – for example ...
The lemma or citation form of a Korean verb is the form that ends in ta 다 da without a tense-aspect marker. For verbs, this form was used as an imperfect declarative form in Middle Korean, [3] but is no longer used in Modern Korean. [4] For adjectives, this form is the non-past declarative form.
The traditional writing system known as gugyeol, used punctuation to interpret Chinese characters in a way Korean speakers could understand. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] One of the marks used in gugyeol was a dot • called 역독점 ( yeokdokjeom ), which was used to indicate reading order. [ 1 ]
Hangeul matchumbeop (한글 맞춤법) refers to the overall rules of writing the Korean language with Hangul. The current orthography was issued and established by Korean Ministry of Culture in 1998. The first of it is Hunminjungeum (훈민정음). In everyday conversation, 한글 맞춤법 is referred to as 맞춤법.
The letters of the Korean alphabet are not written linearly like most alphabets, but instead arranged into blocks that represent syllables. So, while the word bibimbap (Korean rice dish) is written as eight characters in a row in the Latin alphabet, in Korean it is written 비빔밥, as three "syllabic blocks" in a row.
Waving the hand to say "hello" or "goodbye" is done by moving the fingers down towards the wrist and back to an open palm position while keeping the palm facing out. Another way to say "goodbye" is done by wagging the fingers. That motion (wagging fingers) is also used to say "no." [15] [17]
Rieul (sign: ㄹ; Korean: 리을, rieul) is a consonant of the Korean alphabet. Rieul is pronounced [ ɾ ] at the beginning of a word and [ l ] at the end of a word. For example: 러시아 reosia ("Russia"), 별 byeol ("star").