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The Act recognises Māori land as taonga tuku iho, a treasure to be handed down. The Māori Land Court promotes the retention and use of Māori land; and facilitates the occupation, development and use of that land. [14] In pre-European times, the system of Māori land ownership was based on rights to occupy and use ancestral land.
The Māori MP Henare Kaihau, from Waiuku, who was executive head of the King Movement, worked alongside King Mahuta to sell land to the government. At that time the king sold 185,000 acres per year. In 1910 the Māori Land Conference at Waihi discussed selling a further 600,000 acres.
The historian, Claudia Orange, argues that prior to 1839 the Colonial Office had initially planned a "Māori New Zealand" in which European settlers would be accommodated (without a full colony), where Māori might retain ownership and authority over much of the land and cede some land to European settlers as part of a colony governed by the Crown.
The register was created and Finlayson states of the register, "By the time I left office, over 7000 commitments had been entered into various deeds of settlement." [ 20 ] In 2018 the Post Settlement Commitment Unit was incorporated into a new Crown agency Te Arawhiti (Office for Māori Crown Relations).
The Native Lands Act 1865 was an Act of Parliament in New Zealand that was designed to remove land from Māori ownership for purchase by settlers as part of settler colonisation. [1] The act established the Native Land Courts , individualised ownership interests in Māori land replacing customary communal ownership and allowed up to 5% of ...
The New Zealand land confiscations took place during the 1860s to punish the Kīngitanga movement for attempting to set up an alternative Māori form of government that forbade the selling of land to European settlers. The confiscation law targeted Kīngitanga Māori against whom the government had waged war to restore the rule of British law.
It easily dwarfed the 5,000-strong crowd that turned up for land rights in 1975, and double the size of another major hīkoi in 2004, which rallied for shore and sea ownership rights.
Over the next 30 years, many more European traders and missionaries migrated to the region, where flax, muskets, blankets, tobacco were the main products of trade. [28] In May 1840, 24 chiefs from the Tūranga district signed the Treaty of Waitangi. [34] Land was then sold or leased, and more systematic European settlement of the area began. [26]