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A boxer's fracture is the break of the fifth metacarpal bone of the hand near the knuckle. [4] Occasionally, it is used to refer to fractures of the fourth metacarpal as well. [1] Symptoms include pain and a depressed knuckle. [2] Classically, it occurs after a person hits an object with a closed fist. [3]
A fracture of the fourth and/or fifth metacarpal bones transverse neck secondary due to axial loading is known as a boxer's fracture. [1] [[[Boxer%27s_fracture#{{{section}}}| contradictory]]] The fifth metacarpal bone is the most common bone to be injured when throwing a punch.
unstable spinal fracture-dislocation at the thoracolumbar junction: Thoracic Spine Fractures and Dislocations at eMedicine: Hume fracture: A.C. Hume: olecranon fracture with anterior dislocation of radial head: Ronald McRae, Maxx Esser. Practical Fracture Treatment 5th edition, page 187. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2008.
The neck of a metacarpal is a common location for a boxer's fracture, but all parts of the metacarpal bone (including head, body and base) are susceptible to fracture. During their lifetime, 2.5% of individuals will experience at least one metacarpal fracture. Bennett's fracture (base of the thumb) is the most common. [4]
The Bennett fracture is an oblique intraarticular metacarpal fracture dislocation, caused by an axial force directed against the partially flexed metacarpal. This type of compression along the metacarpal bone is often sustained when a person punches a hard object, such as the skull or tibia of an opponent, or a wall.
A short fourth metacarpal bone can also be found in Turner syndrome, a disorder involving sex chromosomes. A fracture of the fourth and/or fifth metacarpal bones transverse neck secondary due to axial loading is known as a boxer's fracture. [1]
The third metacarpal is connected to the trapezium, to the capitate, and to the hamate. The fourth and fifth metacarpals are connected to the hamate. The palmar carpometacarpal ligaments have a somewhat similar arrangement to the dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments, with the exception of those of the third metacarpal, which are three in number:
A collateral ligament flanks each MCP joint - one on either side. Each attaches proximally at the head of the metacarpal bone, and distally at the base of the phalynx. Each extends obliquely in a palmar direction from its proximal attachment to its distal attachment. [2]