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Dirofilaria immitis, also known as heartworm or dog heartworm, is a parasitic roundworm that is a type of filarial worm, a small thread-like worm, and which causes dirofilariasis. It is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. Four genera of mosquitoes transmit dirofilariasis, Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, and Mansonia. [2]
Some species are well-known parasites, including Dirofilaria immitis, the dog heartworm, Dirofilaria repens, which affects many types of nonhuman mammals, and Dirofilaria tenuis, which usually parasitizes raccoons, but can infect humans, as well. [4] Human dirofilariasis is generally caused by D. immitis and D. repens. The former can cause ...
Dirofilariasis is an infection by parasites of the genus Dirofilaria. [1] It is transmitted through a mosquito bite; its main hosts include dogs and wild canids. These can give rise to granulomas in the pulmonary artery. Some common symptoms include cough, fever and pleural effusion. It may also appear on X-rays of the chest. [2]
Dirofilaria immitis, the dog heartworm, rarely infects humans. Filariasis is caused by parasitic nematodes. These worms are transmitted by infected mosquitoes of the genera Aedes, Culex, Anopheles and Mansonia. Recent evidence suggests that climate change has an influence in the spread of the parasitic disease and its vectors.
It is also approved to prevent flea infestations and heartworm disease in dogs. The drug, branded as Credelio Quattro, is a single, monthly chewable tablet for dogs eight weeks of age or older ...
Imidacloprid/moxidectin is indicated for the prevention of heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis in dogs and cats. [11] [12] Imidacloprid/moxidectin kills ...
The causative agent of the disease is Dirofilaria immitis, a nematode 1 mm thick and 20–30 cm long. It requires an intermediate host for its development; part of the development cycle - from the larval stage L1 to L3 (microfilariae) - takes place in mosquitoes. Transmission to the dog occurs during the sucking act.
Microfilaria stage of Dirofilaria immitis, heartworm, in blood of a dog (for scale the grey discs are stained red blood cells) Biting stress can be severe in varied climatic regions (cold northern or tropics) or conditions of much surface water available for breeding where populations of mosquitoes can become dense. [17]
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