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Nanak's words are registered in the form of 974 poetic hymns, or shabda, in the holy religious scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, with some of the major prayers being the Japji Sahib (jap, 'to recite'; ji and sahib are suffixes signifying respect); the Asa di Var ('Ballad of Hope'); and the Sidh Gosht ('Discussion with the Siddhas').
The Three pillars of Sikhism (Gurmukhi: ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਤਿੰਨ ਥੰਮ੍ਹਾਂ), also called three duties, [1] were formalised by Guru Nanak Dev Ji as: [2] Naam Japo: The Guru led the Sikhs directly to practice Simran and Naam Japo—meditation on God and reciting and chanting of God's Name—Waheguru.
The year 1469 marks the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. He was succeeded by nine other human gurus until, in 1708, the Guruship was finally passed on by the tenth guru to the holy Sikh scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, which is now considered the living Guru by the followers of the Sikh faith. [3]
They have been referred to as the "Key to the Guru Granth Sahib" by Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh guru. He was the first scribe of Guru Granth Sahib and a scholar of great repute. From his work, it is clear that he had mastery of various Indian languages and had studied many ancient Indian religious scriptures.
The Birth of Guru Nanak, by the artist Sardul Singh in 1910. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, was born on Puranmashi of Kattak in 1469, according to the Vikram Samvat calendar [12] in Rai-Bhoi-di Talwandi in the present Shekhupura District of Pakistan, now Nankana Sahib. [13] It is a Gazetted holiday in India. [14]
Guru's teachings have been peace, harmony, and universal brotherhood. [21] Guru Nanak believed in equality between castes, religions, and genders and gave the word Ik Onkar meaning there is only one God. [22] According to Lahore-based art historian Fakr Syed Aijazuddin, the shrine houses the last copies of the original Guru Granth Sahib.
The Supreme Lord God does not consider the merits and demerits of those humble beings whom He makes His own. Hearing, chanting and meditating on the jewel of the Naam, I live; Nanak wears the Lord as his necklace." [2] Bhai Gurdas Ji says in his Vaars, page 20: "The Gurus of the Sikhs inspire the Sikhs of the Guru to serve.
Sikhism developed from the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak dev ji (1469–1539), the faith's first guru, and the nine Sikh gurus who succeeded him. The tenth guru, Guru Gobind Singh ji (1666–1708), named the Guru Granth Sahib, which is the central religious scripture in Sikhism, as his successor. This brought the line of human gurus to a close.