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The Taylor series of any polynomial is the polynomial itself.. The Maclaurin series of 1 / 1 − x is the geometric series + + + +. So, by substituting x for 1 − x, the Taylor series of 1 / x at a = 1 is
In recent literature the arctangent series is sometimes called the Mādhava–Gregory series to recognize Mādhava's priority (see also Mādhava series). [ 3 ] The special case of the arctangent of 1 {\displaystyle 1} is traditionally called the Leibniz formula for π , or recently sometimes the Mādhava–Leibniz formula :
A Laurent series is a generalization of the Taylor series, allowing terms with negative exponents; it takes the form = and converges in an annulus. [6] In particular, a Laurent series can be used to examine the behavior of a complex function near a singularity by considering the series expansion on an annulus centered at the singularity.
Series expansions This page was last edited on 29 October 2015, at 21:05 (UTC) . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License ; additional terms may apply.
where the power series on the right-hand side of is expressed in terms of the (generalized) binomial coefficients ():= () (+)!.Note that if α is a nonnegative integer n then the x n + 1 term and all later terms in the series are 0, since each contains a factor of (n − n).
In mathematics, the Euler–Maclaurin formula is a formula for the difference between an integral and a closely related sum. It can be used to approximate integrals by finite sums, or conversely to evaluate finite sums and infinite series using integrals and the machinery of calculus .
Maclaurin attributed the series to Brook Taylor, though the series was known before to Newton and Gregory, and in special cases to Madhava of Sangamagrama in fourteenth century India. [6] Nevertheless, Maclaurin received credit for his use of the series, and the Taylor series expanded around 0 is sometimes known as the Maclaurin series. [7]
In the 17th century, James Gregory worked in the new decimal system on infinite series and published several Maclaurin series. In 1715, a general method for constructing the Taylor series for all functions for which they exist was provided by Brook Taylor. Leonhard Euler in the 18th century, developed the theory of hypergeometric series and q ...