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Freedom of information laws allow access by the general public to data held by national governments and, where applicable, by state and local governments. The emergence of freedom of information legislation was a response to increasing dissatisfaction with the secrecy surrounding government policy development and decision making. [1]
The PDPA establishes a data protection law that comprises various rules governing the collection, use, disclosure and care of personal data. Access to personal data is laid out as part of Part IV, chapter 21 which states that on request of an individual, an organization shall, as soon as reasonably possible, provide the individual with: [9]
The Law on Regulation of Transmission of Specified Electronic Mail April 2002 [5] Malaysia: Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 [23] Malta: Data Protection Act (CAP 440) § 10 [24] [25] Mexico: None [13] Netherlands: Dutch Telecommunications Act: Art. 11.7 [5] [26] New Zealand: Unsolicited Electronic Messages Act 2007: All: 5 September 2007 ...
The Safe Harbor was approved as providing adequate protection for personal data, for the purposes of Article 25(6), by the European Commission on 26 July 2000. [ 35 ] Under the Safe Harbor, adoptee organizations need to carefully consider their compliance with the onward transfer obligations , where personal data originating in the EU is ...
On 14 August 2018, Brazil enacted its General Personal Data Protection Law. [23] The bill has 65 articles and has many similarities to the GDPR. The first translation into English of the new data protection law was published by Ronaldo Lemos, a Brazilian lawyer specialized in technology, on that same date. [24] There is a newer version. [25]
In 1981, Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data (Convention 108) was introduced. One of the first privacy laws ever enacted was the Swedish Data Act in 1973, followed by the West German Data Protection Act in 1977 and the French Law on Informatics, Data Banks and Freedoms in 1978. [5]
The Republic of Turkey, a candidate for European Union membership, has adopted the Law on The Protection of Personal Data on 24 March 2016 in compliance with the EU acquis. [141] China's 2021 Personal Information Protection Law is the country's first comprehensive law on personal data rights and is modeled after the GDPR. [142]: 131
Personal data, also known as personal information or personally identifiable information (PII), [1] [2] [3] is any information related to an identifiable person.. The abbreviation PII is widely used in the United States, but the phrase it abbreviates has four common variants based on personal or personally, and identifiable or identifying.