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The identity is named after Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde (1772), although it was already known in 1303 by the Chinese mathematician Zhu Shijie. [1] There is a q-analog to this theorem called the q-Vandermonde identity. Vandermonde's identity can be generalized in numerous ways, including to the identity
As with the (non-q) Chu–Vandermonde identity, there are several possible proofs of the q-Vandermonde identity. The following proof uses the q -binomial theorem . One standard proof of the Chu–Vandermonde identity is to expand the product ( 1 + x ) m ( 1 + x ) n {\displaystyle (1+x)^{m}(1+x)^{n}} in two different ways.
The hockey stick identity confirms, for example: for n=6, r=2: 1+3+6+10+15=35. In combinatorics , the hockey-stick identity , [ 1 ] Christmas stocking identity , [ 2 ] boomerang identity , Fermat's identity or Chu's Theorem , [ 3 ] states that if n ≥ r ≥ 0 {\displaystyle n\geq r\geq 0} are integers, then
which follows from Euler's integral formula by putting z = 1. It includes the Vandermonde identity as a special case. For the special case where =, (,;;) = () Dougall's formula generalizes this to the bilateral hypergeometric series at z = 1.
Lagrange's identity; Lagrange's trigonometric identities; List of logarithmic identities; MacWilliams identity; Matrix determinant lemma; Newton's identity; Parseval's identity; Pfister's sixteen-square identity; Sherman–Morrison formula; Sophie Germain identity; Sun's curious identity; Sylvester's determinant identity; Vandermonde's identity ...
Visual proof of the Pythagorean identity: for any angle , the point (,) = (, ) lies on the unit circle, which satisfies the equation + =.Thus, + =. In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables ...
Vandermonde was a violinist, and became engaged with mathematics only around 1770. In Mémoire sur la résolution des équations (1771) he reported on symmetric functions and solution of cyclotomic polynomials ; this paper anticipated later Galois theory (see also abstract algebra for the role of Vandermonde in the genesis of group theory).
In chemistry, a formula unit is the smallest unit of a non-molecular substance, such as an ionic compound, covalent network solid, or metal. [1] [2] It can also refer to the chemical formula for that unit. Those structures do not consist of discrete molecules, and so for them, the term formula unit is used.