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The Gaza–Israel barrier (sometimes called the Iron Wall [1] [2] [3]) is a border barrier located on the Israeli side of the Gaza–Israel border. [4] Before the Israel–Hamas war, the Erez Crossing, in the north of the Gaza Strip, used to be the only crossing point for people and goods coming from Israel into the Gaza Strip.
When the Islamic party Hamas won the January 2006 Palestinian legislative election, gaining a majority of seats in the Palestinian Legislative Council, [48] the conflict between Israel and Gaza intensified. Israel sealed its border with the Gaza Strip, largely preventing the free flow of people and many imports and exports.
Israel occupied the Gaza Strip during the Six Day War, capturing it from Egypt along with the Sinai peninsula.In 1970, the first Israeli settlement was built. In 1993, as part of the Oslo Accords, the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel agreed to an outline for Palestinians to self-govern in the Palestinian territories.
On 7 October 2023, 6,000 Palestinian militants and civilians led by Hamas, a Palestinian political and military organization and other Palestinian groups, launched its biggest assault across the Gaza–Israel barrier into southern Israel, breaching the border in 119 places, infiltrating Israel and killing 1,175 Israelis and foreigners, [20] as ...
While Israel has expressed desire to annex the border settlement blocs and keep East Jerusalem, its border with Gaza has largely been solidified, especially following Israel's withdrawal in 2005. Israel has not made claims to any portion of Gazan territory and offered the entire area to Palestinians as part of the 2000 Camp David Summit.
The Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip is a major part of the Israel–Hamas war.Starting on 7 October 2023, immediately after the Hamas-led attacks on Israel, it began bombing the Gaza Strip; on 13 October, Israel began ground operations in Gaza, and on 27 October, a full-scale invasion was launched.
In the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict, Israel claimed that over 30 underground attack tunnels were discovered under the Israel-Gaza Border which are used by militants in order to infiltrate Israel. It also claimed that over 600,000 tons of cement required to construct the tunnels was originally designated for humanitarian aid and diverted.
However, Israel has been continuously imposing a blockade of the Gaza Strip since 2007. At the beginning of the Israel–Hamas war, Israel made it clear that controlling the Gaza Strip was one of the main goals. [10] In late January 2024, Benjamin Netanyahu said that he "will not compromise on full Israeli control" over Gaza. [11]