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The Department of Environmental Protection is charged with the responsibility for development of a balanced ecological system incorporating social, cultural, and economic needs of the commonwealth through development and protection. The department is responsible for the state's land, air, and water management programs, all aspects of ...
Building construction often is resource-intensive. Material efficiency is a description or metric ((Mp) (the ratio of material used to the supplied material)) which refers to decreasing the amount of a particular material needed to produce a specific product. [1]
A percentage is typically added to neat volume to estimate loose (i.e. uncompacted) volumes for procurement purposes. With concrete work, neat volume is calculated assuming there is no bowing in the formwork , or, for cast-in-place concrete, that the surfaces in contact with the concrete have no voids or imperfections that would require a ...
The Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR), established in 1995, is the agency in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania responsible for maintaining and preserving the state's 124 state parks and 20 state forests; providing information on the state's natural resources; and working with communities to benefit local recreation and natural areas. [1]
There are several other report types that have some resemblance in name or degree of detail to the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment: Phase II Environmental Site Assessment is an "intrusive" investigation which collects original samples of soil, groundwater or building materials to analyze for quantitative values of various contaminants. [11]
Concrete has a total embodied energy of 1.69 GJ/tonne, lower per unit mass than most common building materials besides wood. However, concrete structures often have high masses, so this comparison is not always directly relevant to decision making. Additionally, this value is based only on mix proportions of up to 20% fly ash.
Agencies that are responsible for state-level regulating, monitoring, managing, and protecting environmental and public health concerns. The exact duties of these agencies can vary widely and some are combined with or are part of a state's fish and wildlife management agency .
The sorptivity is widely used in characterizing soils and porous construction materials such as brick, stone and concrete. Calculation of the true sorptivity required numerical iterative procedures dependent on soil water content and diffusivity.