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July 2 – Civil Rights Act of 1964 [34] signed, banning discrimination based on "race, color, religion, sex or national origin" in employment practices and public accommodations. [ 35 ] August – Congress passes the Economic Opportunity Act which, among other things, provides federal funds for legal representation of Native Americans in both ...
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were monumental, legally prohibiting racial discrimination and securing voting rights for African Americans. The civil rights movement continued to evolve in the latter half of the 20th century, addressing issues beyond racial equality.
[72] Historically, there was extensive and long-lasting racial discrimination against African Americans in the housing and mortgage markets in the United States, [73] [74] as well as discrimination against Black farmers whose numbers massively declined in post-WWII America due to anti-Black local and federal policies. [75]
After the American Civil War ended, the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which prohibits slavery (except as punishment for crime), was passed in 1865. In the mid-20th century, the civil rights movement occurred, and legalized racial segregation and discrimination was thus outlawed.
In analyzing racial and class segregation, the book documents the migration of white Americans from urban centers to small-town, exurban, and rural communities. Throughout the 20th Century, racial discrimination was deliberate and intentional.
The civil rights movement (1896–1954) was a long, primarily nonviolent action to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. The era has had a lasting impact on American society – in its tactics, the increased social and legal acceptance of civil rights, and in its exposure of the prevalence and cost of racism.
The early 20th century is a period often referred to as the "nadir of American race relations", when the number of lynchings was highest. While tensions and civil rights violations were most intense in the South, social discrimination affected African Americans in other regions as well. [24]
Major figures such as Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Rosa Parks [14] were involved in the fight against the race-based discrimination of the Civil Rights Movement. . Rosa Parks's refusal to give up her bus seat in 1955 sparked the Montgomery bus boycott—a large movement in Montgomery, Alabama, that was an integral period at the beginning of the Civil Rights Moveme