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Nature versus nurture is a long-standing debate in biology and society about the relative influence on human beings of their genetic inheritance (nature) and the environmental conditions of their development .
Historically, interactionism has presented a limited view of the manner in which behavioral traits develop, and has simply demonstrated that "nature" and "nurture" are both necessary. [3] Among the first biologists to propose an interactionist theory of development was Daniel Lehrman. [4]
Development is constrained by genetic, environmental, and cultural factors. Infants and children show a high degree of developmental plasticity and adaptive sensitivity to context. An extended childhood is needed in which to learn the complexities of human social communities.
Nature versus nurture,” a term coined by Francis Galton in the late 1800s, was an early and simple way of explaining human behavior. [6] In this model, child development into adolescence and adulthood can be explained either by intrinsic aspects of the child or by extrinsic factors influencing the child. [6]
For example, a cognitive approach to the mind-body problem suggesting that the mind is the brain and separate from external environments is "framed" by a Cartesian approach. Moreover, some cross-cultural research in developmental psychology has considered culture as being separate from the individual.
Heinz Werner's orthogenetic principle is a foundation for current theories of developmental psychology [1] and developmental psychopathology. [2] [3] Initially proposed in 1940, [4] it was formulated in 1957 [5] [6] and states that "wherever development occurs it proceeds from a state of relative globality and lack of differentiation to a state of increasing differentiation, articulation, and ...
Maturationism is an early childhood educational philosophy that sees the child as a growing organism and believes that the role of education is to passively support this growth rather than actively fill the child with information. This theory suggests that growth and development unfold from within the organism. [1]
Developmental psychology examines the influences of nature and nurture on the process of human development, as well as processes of change in context across time. Many researchers are interested in the interactions among personal characteristics, the individual's behavior, and environmental factors , including the social context and the built ...