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Dermanyssus gallinae (also known as the red mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry.It has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. [1] [2] Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including several species of wild birds and mammals, including humans, where the condition it causes is called gamasoidosis.
These mites live in the nest of their hosts or within the fabric of poultry houses. [11] They infest their hosts whilst feeding for short periods. Their mouthparts are long complex organs adapted for piercing their host's skin and sucking blood. Dermanyssus gallinae, the red chicken mite is typical. Dense infestations of a poultry house cause ...
Dense infestations of a poultry house by Dermanyssus gallinae lead to biting stress and loss of production of the birds (also humans working in the poultry houses are bitten). Originally a parasite centered on the nests of its wild bird hosts, this species has become a major pest in commercial poultry houses.
Ornithonyssus sylviarum (also known as the northern fowl mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry. [1] In both size and appearance, it resembles the red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae . [ 2 ] They primarily infect egg laying chickens.
Heterakis gallinarum is a nematode parasite that lives in the cecum of some galliform birds, particularly in ground feeders such as domestic chickens and turkeys. It causes infection that is mildly pathogenic. However, it often carries a protozoan parasite Histomonas meleagridis which causes of histomoniasis (blackhead disease).
Rodent mite dermatitis (also known as rat mite dermatitis) is an often unrecognized ectoparasitosis occurring after human contact with haematophagous mesostigmatid mites that infest rodents, such as house mice, [1] rats [2] and hamsters. [3]
[5] [6] [22] Australia approved it for the treatment and prevention of ticks and fleas on dogs in January 2015. [23] For treating mites in chickens, a solution for use in drinking water is available under the brand name Exzolt [24] and was approved for use in the EU in 2017. [25]
The level of control with three treatments of cambendazole on days 3–4, 6–7, and 16-17 post-infection was 94.9% in chickens and 99.1% in turkeys. Levamisole (Ergamisol), fed at a level of 0.04% for 2 days or 2 g/gal drinking water for 1 day each month, has proven effective in game birds.