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The Negev (/ ˈ n ɛ ɡ ɛ v / NEG-ev; Hebrew: הַנֶּגֶב, romanized: hanNégev) or Negeb, Arabic: النقب, romanized: an-Naqab, is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The region's largest city and administrative capital is Beersheba (pop. 214,162), in the north.
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (/ ˈ s aɪ n aɪ / SY-ny; Arabic: سِينَاء; Egyptian Arabic: سينا; Coptic: Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a land bridge between Asia and Africa.
The Negev region, situated in the southern part of present-day Israel, has a long and varied history that spans thousands of years.Despite being predominantly a semi-desert or desert, it has historically almost continually been used as farmland, pastureland, and an economically significant transit area.
The Negev Bedouin (Arabic: بدْو النقب, Badwu an-Naqab; Hebrew: הבדואים בנגב , HaBedu'im BaNegev) are traditionally pastoral nomadic Arab tribes (), while some are of sub-Saharan African descent, [7] who until the later part of the 19th century would wander between Hijaz in the east and the Sinai Peninsula in the west. [8]
The Incense Route – Desert Cities in the Negev site comprises the Negev, southern Israel, which connected Arabia to the Mediterranean in the Hellenistic-Roman period. During the period from 300 BC to 200 AD, four towns which prospered in the Negev Desert were Avdat, Haluza, Mamshit, and Shivta.
It covers most of the Negev desert, as well as the Arava valley. The population of the Southern District is 1,086,240 and its area is 14,185 km 2. Its population is 79.66% Jewish and 12.72% Arab (mostly Muslim), with 7.62% of other origins. [4] Geographical distribution of the main ethno-cultural communities in the Southern District in 2008. [5]
Griffon vultures breed in the IBA. A 25,000 ha (62,000-acre) tract of Israel's "Zin Desert" area near Sede Boqer, 50 km (30 mi) south of Be'er Sheva and some 300–600 m (1,000–2,000 ft) above sea-level, has been recognised as the Cliffs of Zin and Negev Highlands Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.
Negev Mountains is a mountainous area in the north-western part of the Negev desert, in Israel. Mount Ramon is the summit of Negev Mountains and the highest point in southern Israel, reaching 1,037 metres (3,402 ft). Most of the area belongs to Negev Mountains Nature Reserve, the largest reserve in Israel.