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The United Kingdom has had several coalition governments throughout its history: Aberdeen ministry, the British government under Lord Aberdeen (1852–1855) Asquith coalition ministry, the British government under H. H. Asquith (1915–1916) Lloyd George ministry, the British government under David Lloyd George (1916–1922)
The government of the United Kingdom, officially His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government, is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. [2] [3] The government is led by the prime minister (Keir Starmer since 5 July 2024) who selects all the other ministers.
A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a government by political parties that enter into a power-sharing arrangement of the executive. [1] Coalition governments usually occur when no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election .
In practice, several government departments and ministers have responsibilities that cover England alone, with devolved bodies having responsibility for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, (for example – the Department of Health), or responsibilities that mainly focus on England (such as the Department for Education).
"Ministry" refers collectively to all the ministers of a government, including Cabinet members and junior ministers alike. Only the Civil Service is considered outside of the ministry. While the term was in common parlance in the 19th and early 20th centuries, it has become rarer, except in official and academic uses. [ 1 ]
If a coalition collapses, a confidence vote is held or a motion of no confidence is taken. For the purposes of this list, coalitions can come in two forms. The first is produced by two or more parties joining forces after fighting elections separately to form a majority government.
The Government of the United Kingdom is divided into departments that each have responsibility, according to the government, for putting government policy into practice. [1] There are currently 24 ministerial departments, 20 non-ministerial departments, and 422 agencies and other public bodies, for a total of 465 departments. [2]
The Cameron–Clegg coalition was formed by David Cameron and Nick Clegg when Cameron was invited by Queen Elizabeth II to form a new government, following the resignation of Prime Minister Gordon Brown on 11 May 2010, after the general election on 6 May. It was the UK's first coalition government since the Churchill caretaker ministry in 1945.