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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare [5] [6] but life-threatening reaction that can occur in response to antipsychotics (neuroleptic) or other drugs that block the effects of dopamine.
Atg1 is a kinase upregulated upon induction of autophagy. Atg13 regulates Atg1 and together they form a complex called Atg13:Atg1, which receives signals from the master of nutrient sensing – Tor. Atg1 is also important in late stages of autophagosome formation. [8]
A cylinder head of a four valve Nissan VQ engine engine. A multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves (an intake, and an exhaust).A multi-valve engine has better breathing, and with more smaller valves (having less mass in motion) may be able to operate at higher revolutions per minute (RPM) than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.
Cuervo, AM (13 July 2011). "Chaperone-mediated autophagy: Dice's 'wild' idea about lysosomal selectivity". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 12 (8): 535– 41. doi:10.1038/nrm3150. PMID 21750569. S2CID 23128629. Kaushik, S; Cuervo, AM (2009). "Chapter 19 Methods to Monitor Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy". Autophagy in Mammalian Systems, Part ...
The inlet manifold of a reverse-flow cylinder head may be connected to the exhaust by a heat riser to transfer further heat, improving low rpm response and emissions as a result. Costs can be reduced in production engines by casting the inlet and exhaust manifolds as one unit. This also transfers further heat to the inlet eliminating the need ...
Autophagy (or autophagocytosis; from the Greek αὐτόφαγος, autóphagos, meaning "self-devouring" [1] and κύτος, kýtos, meaning "hollow") [2] is the natural, conserved degradation of the cell that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components through a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism. [3]
Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATG5 gene located on chromosome 6. It is an E3 ubi autophagic cell death. ATG5 is a key protein involved in the extension of the phagophoric membrane in autophagic vesicles. It is activated by ATG7 and forms a complex with ATG12 and ATG16L1.
Atg8 is one of the key molecular components involved in autophagy, the cellular process mediating the lysosome/vacuole-dependent turnover of macromolecules and organelles. [5] Autophagy is induced upon nutrient depletion or rapamycin treatment and leads to the response of more than 30 autophagy-related (ATG) genes known so far, including ATG8.