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Immunoglobulin therapy is the use of a mixture of antibodies (normal human immunoglobulin) to treat several health conditions. [13] [14] These conditions include primary immunodeficiency, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Kawasaki disease, certain cases of HIV/AIDS and measles, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and certain other infections when a ...
Methotrexate, formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune-system suppressant. [4] It is used to treat cancer , autoimmune diseases , and ectopic pregnancies . [ 4 ] Types of cancers it is used for include breast cancer , leukemia , lung cancer , lymphoma , gestational trophoblastic disease , and osteosarcoma . [ 4 ]
They act by inhibiting gene expression of cytokines including Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha by binding to corticosteroid response elements on DNA. [1] This decrease in cytokine production reduces T cell proliferation. With decreased T cell proliferation there is decreased production of IL-2.
The glucose clamp technique was developed by University of Texas (UT) School of Medicine Professors DeFronzo, Andres and Tobin in 1979. [2] It has since been the gold standard for pharmacodynamic studies in diabetes drug development and diagnostics evaluation. [3]
Folinic acid, also known as leucovorin, is a medication used to decrease the toxic effects of methotrexate and pyrimethamine. [2] [3] It is also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, may be used to treat folate deficiency that results in anemia, and methanol poisoning.
Failure to use the pen as instructed may result in medication leakage and administration of a lower dose than was intended. [23] Another administration problem which may impact effectiveness of an injector pen is lipohypertrophy of the subcutaneous tissue near the injection site. For this reason, it is recommended to rotate the injection site ...
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle. In medicine , it is one of several methods for parenteral administration of medications. Intramuscular injection may be preferred because muscles have larger and more numerous blood vessels than subcutaneous tissue, leading to faster absorption than ...
Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.