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Myoclonic dystonia or Myoclonus dystonia syndrome is a rare movement disorder that induces spontaneous muscle contraction causing abnormal posture. The prevalence of myoclonus dystonia has not been reported, however, this disorder falls under the umbrella of movement disorders which affect thousands worldwide. [ 1 ]
X-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP), also known as lubag syndrome or X-linked dystonia of Panay, is a rare X-linked progressive movement disorder with high penetrance found almost exclusively in males from Panay. [1] It is characterized by dystonic movements first typically occurring in the 3rd and 4th decade of life.
Due to the rare and variable nature of dystonia, research investigating the effectiveness of these treatments is limited. There is no gold standard for physiotherapy rehabilitation. [33] To date, focal cervical dystonia has received the most research attention; [31] however, study designs are poorly controlled and limited to small sample sizes ...
Dystonia is a disorder of involuntary muscle contractions that may cause repetitive and/or abnormal movement or postures. Dystonia is a disorder that causes repetitive involuntary muscle movements ...
Tardive dystonia is similar to standard dystonia but permanent. Tardive akathisia involves painful feelings of inner tension and anxiety and a compulsive drive to move the body. In some extreme cases, afflicted individuals experience so much internal tension that they lose their ability to sit still.
Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is an uncommon focal neurological condition affecting the jaws, face, and mouth. [1] Oromandibular dystonia is characterized by involuntary spasms of the tongue, jaw, and mouth muscles that result in bruxism , or grinding of the teeth , and jaw closure.
Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a rare sudden, paroxysmal, dystonic reaction that may manifest in response to specific drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or medical conditions, such as movement disorders. This neurological phenomenon is characterized by a sustained dystonic, conjugate , involuntary upward deviation of both eyes lasting seconds to hours.
Treatment of neuroferritinopathy is focused on managing symptoms associated with chorea and dystonia using standard medications for each. [2] The disorder is progressive and symptoms become worse with age. Fewer than 100 cases of neuroferritinopathy have been reported since its identification in 2001. [2]