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The state-centric Westphalian international order is unable to cope with these transnational threats, calling for multilateral collaboration that does not only involve states but also other international actors such as non-governmental organizations and multinational companies.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary states 1921 was the year the term "transnational" was first used in print, which was after Bourne's death. [ 7 ] Transnationalism as an economic process involves the global reorganization of the production process, in which various stages of the production of any product can occur in various countries, typically with ...
Transnational citizenship is a political concept which would redefine traditional notions of citizenship and replaces an individual's singular national loyalties with the ability to belong to multiple nation states, as made visible in the political, cultural, social and economic realms. [1]
The term global governance is broadly used to designate all regulations intended for organization and centralization of human societies on a global scale.Global governance has also been defined as "the complex of formal and informal institutions, mechanisms, relationships, and processes between and among states, markets, citizens and organizations, both inter- and non-governmental, through ...
Transnational organization is a term used in scholarly literature. It refers to international organizations (usually, international nongovernmental organizations) that "transcend" the idea of a nation-state. The distinction between an international and a transnational organization is unclear and has been criticized by some scholars (ex. Colás ...
The lack of Central Authorities in developing countries, however, can pose challenges as, where such institutional architecture is lacking, states will generally be unable to offer assistance and, thus, unable to address many of the threats posed by transnational criminal groups and terrorist organizations. [2]
Law without the state (also called transnational stateless law, stateless law, or private legal orderings) is law made primarily outside of the power of a state. Such law may be established in several ways: It may emerge in systems such as existed in feudal Europe prior to the emergence of the modern nation state with the treaty of Westphalia ...
Looking at the issue from the non-American perspective, courts in some countries exercise jurisdiction based upon principles that American courts would consider unfair and repugnant to American law. For example, in some countries, such as England and Israel, a court may exercise jurisdiction over a defendant that is considered to be a ...