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The residue can be ploughed directly into the ground, or burned first. In contrast, no-till, strip-till or reduced-till agriculture practices are carried out to maximize crop residue cover. Simple line-transect measurements can be used to estimate residue coverage. [1] Process residues are materials left after the crop is processed into a ...
The four most commonly grown agricultural crops worldwide are sugarcane, maize, cereals and rice. [3] The total weight of all these crops is more than 16,500 billion kilograms per year. [ 4 ] Since 80% of this consists of agricultural waste, many tens of thousands of billions of kilograms of agricultural waste remain worldwide. [ 5 ]
Crop rotation is also used to control pests and diseases that can become established in the soil over time. The changing of crops in a sequence decreases the population level of pests by (1) interrupting pest life cycles and (2) interrupting pest habitat. [10] Plants within the same taxonomic family tend to have similar pests and pathogens.
Different types of tillage result in varying amounts of crop residue being incorporated into the soil profile. Conventional or intensive tillage typically leaves less than 15% of crop residues on a field, reduced tillage leaves 15–30%, and conservation tillage systems leave at least 30% on the soil surface. [10]
Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation.Agronomy has come to include research of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, and soil science.
Also called the residue yield or straw/grain ratio, the equation takes the mass of residue divided by the mass of crop produced, and the result is dimensionless. [1] The RPR can be used to project costs and benefits of bio-energy projects, and is crucial in determining financial sustainability. The RPR is particularly important for estimating ...
Each crop has an optimum range of storage temperature and humidity. Also, certain crops cannot be effectively stored together, as unwanted chemical interactions can result. Various methods of high-speed cooling, and sophisticated refrigerated and atmosphere-controlled environments, are employed to prolong freshness, particularly in large-scale ...
The term “pesticide residue” includes residues from unknown or unavoidable sources (e.g. environmental) as well as known uses of the chemical. The definition of a residue for compliance with maximum residue limits (MRLs) is that combination of the pesticide and its metabolites, derivatives and related compounds to which the MRL applies. [4]