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Salvia officinalis, the common sage or sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae and native to the Mediterranean region , though it has been naturalized in many places throughout the world.
As new discoveries are made, the taxonomic list of Salvia species will continue to change. [2] [3] [4] The first significant accounting of the genus was done by George Bentham in 1832–1836, based on a similarity in staminal morphology between Salvia members. [5] His work, Labiatarum Genera et Species (1836), is still the most comprehensive ...
Salvia (/ ˈ s æ l v i ə /) [3] is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. [4] [5] [6] Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae. [4]
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.
[1] [2] It is a prostrate perennial that is native to Spain and northwest Africa. It has narrow blue-green leaves and pale violet-blue flowers. Due to its being highly variable in the wild, and because of similarities to Salvia candelabrum and Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (syn. S. lavandulifolia), it
Culinary herbs and spices – This list is not for plants used primarily as herbal teas or tisanes, nor for plant products that are purely medicinal, such as valerian. Indian spices – include a variety of spices that are grown across the Indian subcontinent. Pakistani spices – partial list of spices commonly used in Pakistani cuisine.
The essential oil of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia has been found to have a selective acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting effect, (in as far as the regions of the brain in which acetylcholinesterase activity has been demonstrated, such areas are striatum and hippocampus) with an IC 50 value of 0.03 μg/ml.
Salvia apiana is widely used by Native American peoples on the Pacific coast of the United States. The seed is a traditional flavouring in pinole , a staple food made from maize . The Cahuilla people have traditionally harvested large quantities of the seed, then mixed it with wheat flour and sugar to make gruel and biscuits.