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This is a list of translations of Beowulf, one of the best-known Old English heroic epic poems. Beowulf has been translated many times in verse and in prose. By 2020, the Beowulf's Afterlives Bibliographic Database listed some 688 translations and other versions of the poem, from Thorkelin's 1787 transcription of the text, and in at least 38 languages.
He notes that a readable translation cannot always translate an Old English word the same way; thus eacen is rendered 'stalwart', 'broad', 'huge', and 'mighty', correctly in each case to fit the context, but losing the clue to the word's special meaning, "not 'large' but 'enlarged'". [9]
J. R. R. Tolkien, in his 1940 essay "On Translating Beowulf ", stated that it was not possible to translate each Old English word by a single word and create a readable modern English text. He gave the example of eacen , which might mean 'stalwart', 'broad', 'huge', or 'mighty' according to the context, whereas the word's connotations are of ...
A kenning (Old English kenning [cʰɛnːiŋɡ], Modern Icelandic [cʰɛnːiŋk]) is a circumlocution, an ambiguous or roundabout figure of speech, used instead of an ordinary noun in Old Norse, Old English, and later Icelandic poetry. This list is not intended to be comprehensive. Kennings for a particular character are listed in that character ...
Also apophthegm. A terse, pithy saying, akin to a proverb, maxim, or aphorism. aposiopesis A rhetorical device in which speech is broken off abruptly and the sentence is left unfinished. apostrophe A figure of speech in which a speaker breaks off from addressing the audience (e.g., in a play) and directs speech to a third party such as an opposing litigant or some other individual, sometimes ...
Dante Meditating on the Divine Comedy.Jean-Jacques Feuchère, 1843. Literary fiction, mainstream fiction, non-genre fiction, serious fiction, [1] high literature, [2] artistic literature, [2] and sometimes just literature, [2] are labels that, in the book trade, refer to market novels that do not fit neatly into an established genre (see genre fiction) or, otherwise, refer to novels that are ...
English philologist Walter William Skeat proposed an etymological origin in a term for "Woodpecker" citing the Old Dutch term biewolf for the bird. Skeat states that the black woodpecker is common in Norway and Sweden and further reasons that the "indominatable nature" and that the "bird fights to the death" might have influenced the choice of the name. [7]
High and Mighty may refer to: In music: High and Mighty, an album by Uriah Heep; High & Mighty, an album by Gov't Mule; High and Mighty (band), an American rap duo; In other uses: High and Mighty, a nonfiction book about SUVs by Keith Bradsher; High and Mighty (shop), a UK big-and-tall menswear retail outlet