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Law of Indonesia is based on a civil law system, intermixed with local customary law and Dutch law.Before European presence and colonization began in the sixteenth century, indigenous kingdoms ruled the archipelago independently with their own custom laws, known as adat (unwritten, traditional rules still observed in the Indonesian society). [1]
According to historical records, a civil law called the Code Civil des Français was formed in 1804, in which most European referred to them as the Napoleon Code. [2] On 24 May 1806 the Netherlands became a French client state, styled the Kingdom of Holland under Napoleon's brother, Louis Bonaparte in which he was instructed by Napoleon to receive and enact the Napoleonic Code.
If the House of Representatives approves them, their appointment is then confirmed by the president. As of mid 2011, there was a total of 804 courts of various kinds in Indonesia. [11] About 50 justices sat in the Supreme Court while other high and lower courts across Indonesia employed around 7,000 judges. [12]
Implementasi Kekuasaan Kehakiman Republik Indonesia [The Implementation of Judicial Power in the Republic of Indonesia] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Sinar Grafika. ISBN 979-8061-42-X. Indrayana, Denny (2008). Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999-2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition. Jakarta: Kompas Book Publishing.
Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan: A Divinity that upholds religious freedom (A formulation that can be seen as allowing both monotheism or polytheism, thereby allowing space for all of Indonesia's major religions). In his speech, Sukarno rejected the Panca Dharma as a name, saying that "dharma" meant 'obligation', but that he was proposing principles.
Country Description Albania: Based on Napoleonic civil law. [9]Angola: Based on Portuguese civil law.: Argentina: The Spanish legal tradition had a great influence on the Civil Code of Argentina, basically a work of the Argentine jurist Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield, who dedicated five years of his life to this task.
Today, Indonesia's legal system is based on Dutch Colonial Law, Adat Law and National Law. [3] [4] After Indonesia gained independence in August 1945, it adopted the Dutch HIR as its code of criminal procedure. In 1981, Indonesia replaced HIR with the KUHAP. The KUHAP improved upon the HIR by adding adversarial features to the criminal procedure.
The Job Creation Act (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja), officially Act Number 11/2020 on Job Creation (Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja, or UU 11/2020), is a bill that was passed on 5 October 2020 by Indonesia's House of Representatives, with the aim of creating jobs and raising foreign and domestic investment by reducing regulatory requirements for business permits ...