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Agrobacterium tumefaciens [3] [2] (also known as Rhizobium radiobacter) is the causal agent of crown gall disease (the formation of tumours) in over 140 species of eudicots. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative soil bacterium . [ 4 ]
Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA transfer is widely used as a tool in biotechnology.For more than two decades, Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been exploited for introducing genes into plants for basic research as well as for commercial production of transgenic crops. [11]
Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria established by H. J. Conn that uses horizontal gene transfer to cause tumors in plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus.
The vir helper plasmid contains the vir genes that originated from the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium. These genes code for a series of proteins that cut the binary vector at the left and right border sequences, and facilitate transfer and integration of T-DNA to the plant's cells and genomes, respectively. [4]
The T-DNA of Agrobacterium is approximately 15-20 kbp in length and will become integrated into the host plant genome upon its transfer via a process known as recombination. This process utilizes preexisting gaps in the host plant cell's genome to allow the T-DNA to pair with short sequences in the genome, priming the process of DNA ligation ...
A number of methods are available to transfer DNA into plant cells. Some vector-mediated methods are: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the easiest and most simple plant transformation. Plant tissue (often leaves) are cut into small pieces, e.g. 10x10mm, and soaked for ten minutes in a fluid containing suspended Agrobacterium. The ...
A. tumefaciens attaching itself to a carrot cell. In plants the DNA is often inserted using Agrobacterium-mediated recombination, [21] taking advantage of the Agrobacteriums T-DNA sequence that allows natural insertion of genetic material into plant cells. [22] Plant tissue are cut into small pieces and soaked in a fluid containing suspended ...
In the method, a suspension of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is introduced into a plant leaf by direct injection or by vacuum infiltration, or brought into association with plant cells immobilised on a porous support (plant cell packs), [1] whereafter the bacteria transfer the desired gene into the plant cells via transfer of T-DNA.