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The term transit theodolite, or transit for short, refers to a type of theodolite where the telescope is short enough to rotate in a full circle on its horizontal axis as well as around its vertical axis. It features a vertical circle which is graduated through the full 360 degrees and a telescope that could "flip over" ("transit the scope").
The firm's telescope-making business was acquired by Sir Howard Grubb, Parsons and Co. Ltd. [12] [13] [14] At the outbreak of war in 1939 the UK government placed large orders for military sighting telescopes and theodolites. By 1940 output was only limited by the supply of raw materials and orders exceeded £1,000,000.
The alidade is the part of a theodolite that rotates around the vertical axis, and that bears the horizontal axis around which the telescope (or visor, in early telescope-less instruments) turns up or down. In a sextant or octant the alidade is the turnable arm carrying a mirror and an index to a graduated circle in a vertical plane. Today it ...
Troughton & Simms was a British scientific instrument firm. It was formed when Edward Troughton in his old age took on William Simms as a partner in 1826. It became a limited company in 1915 [1] and in 1922 it merged with T. Cooke & Sons to form Cooke, Troughton & Simms.
The instrument was paid for by the Crown and the King immediately presented it to the Royal Society; for this reason the theodolite is designated as the Royal Society theodolite, or Ramsden RS in short. There is a complete description of this theodolite in the final report of the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790). [4]
The permanent adjustments of theodolites are made to establish fixed relationship between the instrument's fundamental lines. The fundamental lines or axis of a transit theodolite include the following:- Vertical axis; Axis of plate levels; Axis of telescope; Line of collimation; Horizontal axis; Axis of altitude bubble and the vernier should ...
Leonard Digges (c.1515 – c.1559) was a well-known English mathematician and surveyor, credited with the invention of the theodolite, and a great populariser of science through his writings in English on surveying, cartography, and military engineering. His birth date is variously suggested as c.1515 [1] or c.1520 (but certainly by 1530). [2]
Cooke & Sons also provided a 12 inch theodolite for the construction of the Forth Railway Bridge. Observatory domes were also made using papier-maché including in 1883 one for Greenwich Observatory. [9] In 1892 Dennis Taylor, working to reduce chromatic aberration, invented a three element lens design incorporating a new Schott glass element.
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