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Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, and urticaria (hives). [5] It is taken by mouth. [6] Effects generally begin within thirty minutes and last for about a day. [6] The degree of benefit is similar to other antihistamines such as diphenhydramine, which is a first-generation ...
Use during pregnancy appears to be safe but has not been well studied. [7] It is not recommended in children less than two years old. [6] It is in the second-generation antihistamine family of medication. [5] Loratadine was patented in 1980 and came to market in 1988. [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9]
Bilastine is an antihistamine medication used to treat hives (), allergic rhinitis and itchy inflamed eyes (allergic conjunctivitis) caused by an allergy. [6] It is a second-generation antihistamine and takes effect by selectively inhibiting the histamine H 1 receptor, preventing these allergic reactions. [7]
Use in pregnancy appears safe but has not been well studied and use when breastfeeding is of unclear safety. [5] It is classified as a second-generation antihistamine and works by blocking histamine H 1-receptors. [6] [3] Levocetirizine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007, [3] and is available as a generic medication. [4]
It is classified as a second-generation antihistamine because it is less able to pass the blood–brain barrier and cause sedation, compared to first-generation antihistamines. [12] [13] It was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1996. [14] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [15]
Second generation antihistamines include loratadine (Claritin), cetrizine (Zyrtec), and fexofenadine (Allegra). [12] First generation antihistamines have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier which can result in sedative and anticholinergic effects while effectively treating allergic reactions and nausea and vomiting related to pregnancy ...
It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding. [9] It is a second-generation antihistamine and works by blocking the release of a number of inflammatory mediators including histamine. [7] [8] Azelastine was patented in 1971 and came into medical use in 1986. [10] It is available as a generic medication.
Astemizole is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist.It has anticholinergic and antipruritic effects.. Astemizole is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and competitively binds to histamine H 1 receptor sites in the gastrointestinal tract, uterus, blood vessels, and bronchial muscle.