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Quaternary ammonium cation. The R groups may be the same or different alkyl or aryl groups. Also, the R groups may be connected. In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR 4] +, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group [1] or organyl group.
Choline is a quaternary ammonium cation.The cholines are a family of water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds. [2] Choline is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine residue having three methyl groups attached to the same nitrogen atom.
Tetramethylammonium (TMA) is the simplest quaternary ammonium cation. It has the chemical formula [Me 4 N] + and consists of four methyl groups (−CH 3, denoted Me) attached to a central nitrogen atom. The cation is isoelectronic with neopentane (Me 4 C). It is positively-charged and can only be isolated in association with a counter-ion.
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Examples of such salts include N-ethylpyridinium bromide and aluminium chloride mix, discovered in 1951, [10] and ethylammonium nitrate discovered by Paul Walden. Other ionic liquids take advantage of asymmetrical quaternary ammonium cations like alkylated imidazolium ions, and large, branched anions like the bistriflimide ion.
In another use of the term in organic chemistry, a quaternary compound is or has a cation consisting of a central positively charged atom with four substituents, especially organic (alkyl and aryl) groups, discounting hydrogen atoms. [1] The best-known quaternary compounds are quaternary ammonium salts, having a nitrogen atom at the center. [2]
It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound. ADBACs have three main categories of use: as a biocide , a cationic surfactant , and a phase transfer agent . [ 2 ] ADBACs are a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides, in which the alkyl group has various even-numbered alkyl chain lengths.