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Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.
Even Queen Victoria was supportive, noting "...the impossibility of our being able to hold Canada, but we must struggle for it; and by far the best solution would be to let it go as an independent kingdom under an English prince." [48] In the end Canada went as a Dominion under the Crown of the United Kingdom itself. It was a fresh start, but ...
Dominion, as an official title, was conferred on the Colony of Virginia about 1660 and on the Dominion of New England in 1686. Under the British North America Act, 1867, the partially self-governing colonies of British North America were united into the Dominion of Canada.
By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "realm of the Commonwealth". [14] The Canada Act 1982, which brought the Constitution of Canada fully under Canadian control, referred only to Canada. Later that year, the name of the national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to ...
The term dominion was chosen to indicate Canada's status as a self-governing polity of the British Empire, the first time it was used about a country. [126] With the coming into force of the UK's British North America Act, 1867 (enacted by the British Parliament ), Canada became a federated country in its own right.
The Dominion of Canada was formed by the United Kingdom from three provinces of British North America: [8] [a] The Province of Canada, which was split at the Ottawa River into the provinces of Ontario to the west, and Quebec to the east [b] New Brunswick [c] Nova Scotia [d] The capital was established at Ottawa.
The Constitution Act, 1867 (French: Loi constitutionnelle de 1867), [1] originally enacted as the British North America Act, 1867 (BNA Act), is a major part of the Constitution of Canada. The act created a federal dominion and defines much of the operation of the Government of Canada, including its federal structure, the House of Commons, the ...
1840: united Lower and Upper Canada into the Province of Canada. 1846: acquired concrete claim to the Columbia District north of the 49th parallel and Vancouver Island. 1867: united the Province of Canada (and created out of it Ontario and Quebec), Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick into the federal Dominion of Canada. [N 3] 1870: created the ...