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Endemic flora of New Caledonia (3 C, 349 P) O. Orchids of New Caledonia (38 P) T. Trees of New Caledonia (27 P) Pages in category "Flora of New Caledonia"
Araucaria humboldtensis growing in altitude shrubland, on the slopes of Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia. New Caledonia, considered as the smallest of the most significant biodiversity hotspots in the world, [3] hosts a unique flora of which 75.1% is endemic. [4] Species of Araucaria trees can be found in every habitat that New Caledonia possesses. [2]
Unlike many of the Pacific Islands, which are of relatively recent volcanic origin, New Caledonia is part of Zealandia, a fragment of the ancient Gondwana super-continent. Zealandia separated from Australia 60–85 million years ago, [11] and the ridge linking New Caledonia to New Zealand has been deeply submerged for millions of years. This ...
Araucaria columnaris is a distinctive narrowly conical tree growing up to 60 m (200 ft) tall in its native habit. The trees have a slender, spire-like crown. [3] The shape of young trees strongly resembles A. heterophylla.
Libocedrus austrocaledonica is a species of Libocedrus, endemic to New Caledonia, occurring mainly in the southern half of the island (also one site in the northern half), at 750–1,400 m altitude in montane cloud forest scrub.
The other conifers so characteristic of New Caledonia's rain forests don't occur in the dry forests. [1] The dry forests are home to 407 woody plant species, 243 of which are endemic to New Caledonia and 60 endemic to the dry forests. Dry-forest endemic trees include Ixora margaretae and Terminalia cherrieri. [6]
Amborella is a sprawling shrub or small tree up to 8 metres (26 feet) high. It bears alternate, simple evergreen leaves without stipules. [6] [7] The leaves are two-ranked, with distinctly serrated or rippled margins, and about 8 to 10 centimetres (3 to 4 inches) long.
Location of New Caledonia in its region. The biodiversity of New Caledonia is of exceptional biological and paleoecological interest. It is frequently referred to as a biodiversity hotspot. [1] The country is a large South Pacific archipelago with a total land area of more than 18,000 square kilometres (6,900 sq mi).