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The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring. [1] Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution. [2] [3] [4] [5]
James Crafts, the son of Royal Altamont Crafts and Marianne Mason (daughter of Senator Jeremiah Mason), [3] [4] was born in Boston, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard University in 1858. Although he never received his Ph.D. , he studied chemistry in Germany at the Academy of Mines (1859) of Freiberg , and served as an assistant to Robert ...
This reaction is similar to nucleophilic aliphatic substitution where the reactant is a nucleophile rather than an electrophile. The four possible electrophilic aliphatic substitution reaction mechanisms are S E 1 , S E 2 (front), S E 2 (back) and S E i ( S ubstitution E lectrophilic), which are also similar to the nucleophile counterparts S N ...
This reaction is typically catalyzed by the corresponding iron or aluminum trihalide. The Friedel–Crafts reaction can be performed either as an acylation or as an alkylation. Often, aluminium trichloride is used, but almost any strong Lewis acid can be applied. For the acylation reaction a stoichiometric amount of aluminum trichloride is ...
Download QR code; Print/export ... Freund reaction; Friedel–Crafts acylation; Friedel–Crafts alkylation; Friedländer synthesis;
A native of Strasbourg, France, he was a student of Louis Pasteur at the Sorbonne.In 1876, he became a professor of chemistry and mineralogy at the Sorbonne.. Friedel developed the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions with James Crafts in 1877, [2] [3] and attempted to make synthetic diamonds.
Friedel's law, named after Georges Friedel, the crystallographer, is a property of Fourier transforms of real functions. Friedel's salt , discovered by Georges Friedel, is an anion exchanger mineral belonging to the family of the layered double hydroxides (LDHs).
The methylene group in diphenylmethane is mildly acidic with a pK a of 32.2, and so can be deprotonated with sodium amide. [3](C 6 H 5) 2 CH 2 + NaNH 2 − → (C 6 H 5) 2 CHNa + NH 3. The resulting carbanion can be alkylated.