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Notable test flights of spaceflight systems may be listed even if they were not planned to reach space. Some lists are further divided into orbital launches (sending a payload into orbit, whether successful or not) and suborbital flights (e.g. ballistic missiles, sounding rockets, experimental spacecraft).
[5] Description of a space station in Hermann Noordung's The Problem of Space Travel (1929). At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a burst of scientific investigation into interplanetary travel, inspired by fiction by writers such as Jules Verne ( From the Earth to the Moon , Around the Moon ) and H.G. Wells ( The First Men in the ...
Spaceflight (or space flight) is an application of astronautics to fly objects, usually spacecraft, into or through outer space, either with or without humans on board.Most spaceflight is uncrewed and conducted mainly with spacecraft such as satellites in orbit around Earth, but also includes space probes for flights beyond Earth orbit.
First living organisms to fly in space and safely return. USSR Soviet space dogs [7] 5 October 1954: The composite image taken from specially modified cameras on-board an Aerobee sounding rocket produces the first color picture of Earth, the first detailed view of a tropical storm and the first complete (albeit distorted) view of the planet.
First orbital flight of a manned vehicle Vostok 1: 1961 May 5 USA First pilot-controlled space flight (Alan Shepard) Freedom 7: 1961 May 19 USSR First planetary flyby , although contact was lost Venera 1 1961 August 6 USSR First crewed mission lasting a full day (Gherman Titov). Vostok 2: 1962 August 12 USSR
The record for most time in space is held by Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, who has spent 1,111 days in space over five missions. He broke the record of Gennady Padalka on 4 February 2024 at 07:30:08 UTC during his fifth spaceflight aboard Soyuz MS-24 / 25 for a one year long-duration mission on the ISS . [ 21 ]
The Wrights were said to have solved flight control issues to achieve controlled turns on a one-mile circuit on 20 September 1904, followed by five-minute flights in the ensuing weeks, and a 24-mile, 38-minute flight in summer 1905.
China developed, but did not fly Shuguang, and is currently using Shenzhou (its first crewed mission was in 2003). Except for the Space Shuttle and the Buran spaceplane of the Soviet Union, the latter of which only ever had one uncrewed test flight, all of the recoverable crewed orbital spacecraft were space capsules. Crewed spacecraft