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Speer Gold Dot 124gr 9mm+P in SIG P226 magazines. Overpressure ammunition, commonly designated as +P or +P+ (pronounced Plus-P or Plus-P-Plus), is small arms ammunition that has been loaded to produce a higher internal pressure when fired than is standard for ammunition of its caliber (see internal ballistics), but less than the pressures generated by a proof round.
An example of such ammunition is a saboted light armor penetrator (SLAP), like for example the 12.7×99 mm round designated as M962. Muzzle devices, like a flash suppressor , muzzle brake or choke , and with muzzle brakes in particular, can cause material buildup from copper, lead, etc. upon firing.
Besides enhanced penetration capabilities, these overpressure variants offer a flatter trajectory and lessened recoil. The increase in service pressure causes a rise in bolt thrust, so this overpressure ammunition induces more stress on critical weapon parts during firing. After initial research conducted in the late 1980s under the codename ...
Each weapon and component considered vulnerable to the effects of a rapid change in pressure, for example barrels, breech blocks and bolts, will be tested by firing one dry round at a corrected minimum of 25% over-pressure and one oiled round at a corrected minimum of 25% over-pressure. 25% over-pressure means 25% in excess of the Service ...
Walther recommends against the use of "Plus-P-Plus" (+P+) overpressure ammunition in Walther firearms. This marking on the ammunition designates that it exceeds established industry standards, but the designation does not represent defined pressure limits and therefore such ammunition may vary significantly as to the pressures generated. [10]
Overpressure (or blast overpressure) is the pressure caused by a shock wave over and above normal atmospheric pressure. The shock wave may be caused by sonic boom or by explosion , and the resulting overpressure receives particular attention when measuring the effects of nuclear weapons or thermobaric bombs .
The .45 ACP, when loaded up to maximum standard pressures (none of these loads were listed as +P) will outperform .40 S&W in most weights. A quick look at the .45 GAP (which is loaded to .45 ACP +P pressures) shows that the 185 grain bullet is pushed to 1090 fps, for 488 ft. lbs. of muzzle energy; .45 ACP +P should be equal to or (since it can use a slightly slower, less dense powder) slightly ...
British military issue overpressure .338 Lapua Magnum cartridges with 70 mm (2.8 in) overall length, loaded with 16.2-gram (250 gr) LockBase B408 very-low-drag bullets fired at 936 m/s (3,071 ft/s) muzzle velocity from a L115A3 Long Range Rifle were used in November 2009 by British sniper Corporal of Horse (CoH) Craig Harrison to establish a ...