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Ankle fractures may result from excessive stress on the joint such as from rolling an ankle or from blunt trauma. [1] [2] Types of ankle fractures include lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus, bimalleolar, and trimalleolar fractures. [1] The Ottawa ankle rule can help determine the need for X-rays. [2]
A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown [1] that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities. [1]
X-ray of trimalleolar fracture repair with plate and nails. Surgical repair using open reduction and internal fixation is generally required, and because there is no lateral restraint of the foot, the ankle cannot bear any weight while the bone knits.
It is also classified as a Type C ankle fracture according to the Danis-Weber classification system. [4] The Maisonneuve fracture is similar to the Galeazzi fracture in the sense that there is an important ligamentous disruption in association with the fracture. [5] The fracture is named after the surgeon Jules Germain François Maisonneuve. [6]
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
The Danis–Weber classification (often known just as the Weber classification) is a method of describing ankle fractures. It has three categories: [1] Type A. Fracture of the fibula distal to the syndesmosis (the connection between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula). Typical features: below level of the ankle joint; tibiofibular ...
The ankle remains externally rotated after the injury, making interpretation of X-rays difficult which can lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. [2] The injury is most commonly treated by open reduction internal fixation as closed reduction is made difficult by the entrapment of the fibula behind the tibia. [1]
A calcaneal fracture is a break of the ... choose to perform closed reduction with or without fixation (casting), or fixation alone (without reduction), depending on ...