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Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ... Composite number: A positive integer that can be factored into a product of smaller positive integers. Every integer greater than one is either prime or composite.
When written in base 10, all multiples of 2 will end in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8. [3] 2 is the smallest and the only even prime number, and the first Ramanujan prime. [4] It is also the first superior highly composite number, [5] and the first colossally abundant number. [6]
For example, "11" represents the number eleven in the decimal or base-10 numeral system (today, the most common system globally), the number three in the binary or base-2 numeral system (used in modern computers), and the number two in the unary numeral system (used in tallying scores). The number the numeral represents is called its value.
2. Commonly used for denoting any strict order. 3. Between two groups, may mean that the second one is a proper subgroup of the first one. ≤ 1. Means "less than or equal to". That is, whatever A and B are, A ≤ B is equivalent to A < B or A = B. 2. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a subgroup of the second one. ≥ 1. Means ...
In other words, it is a sample of k elements from a set of n elements allowing for duplicates (i.e., with replacement) but disregarding different orderings (e.g. {2,1,2} = {1,2,2}). Associate an index to each element of S and think of the elements of S as types of objects, then we can let x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} denote the number of elements ...
A list of articles about numbers (not about numerals). Topics include powers of ten, notable integers, prime and cardinal numbers, and the myriad system.
A number n that has more divisors than any x < n is a highly composite number (though the first two such numbers are 1 and 2). Composite numbers have also been called "rectangular numbers", but that name can also refer to the pronic numbers , numbers that are the product of two consecutive integers.
It represents the number of distinct pairs that can be selected from n + 1 objects, and it is read aloud as "n plus one choose two". The fact that the n {\displaystyle n} th triangular number equals n ( n + 1 ) / 2 {\displaystyle n(n+1)/2} can be illustrated using a visual proof . [ 1 ]