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  2. Exponentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation

    Each curve passes through the point (0, 1) because any nonzero number raised to the power of 0 is 1. At x = 1, the value of y equals the base because any number raised to the power of 1 is the number itself. In mathematics, exponentiation is an operation involving two numbers: the base and the exponent or power.

  3. Exponential function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function

    Exponential functions with bases 2 and 1/2. The exponential function is a mathematical function denoted by () = ⁡ or (where the argument x is written as an exponent).Unless otherwise specified, the term generally refers to the positive-valued function of a real variable, although it can be extended to the complex numbers or generalized to other mathematical objects like matrices or Lie algebras.

  4. Zero to the power of zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_to_the_power_of_zero

    Zero to the power of zero, denoted as 0 0, is a mathematical expression that can take different values depending on the context. In certain areas of mathematics, such as combinatorics and algebra, 0 0 is conventionally defined as 1 because this assignment simplifies many formulas and ensures consistency in operations involving exponents.

  5. Tetration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetration

    Exponentiation is easily misconstrued: note that the operation of raising to a power is right-associative (see below). Tetration is iterated exponentiation (call this right-associative operation ^), starting from the top right side of the expression with an instance a^a (call this value c). Exponentiating the next leftward a (call this the ...

  6. Knuth's up-arrow notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth's_up-arrow_notation

    Knuth's up-arrow notation. In mathematics, Knuth's up-arrow notation is a method of notation for very large integers, introduced by Donald Knuth in 1976. [1] In his 1947 paper, [2] R. L. Goodstein introduced the specific sequence of operations that are now called hyperoperations. Goodstein also suggested the Greek names tetration, pentation ...

  7. Matrix exponential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_exponential

    Matrix exponential. In mathematics, the matrix exponential is a matrix function on square matrices analogous to the ordinary exponential function. It is used to solve systems of linear differential equations. In the theory of Lie groups, the matrix exponential gives the exponential map between a matrix Lie algebra and the corresponding Lie group.

  8. Euler's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_formula

    v. t. e. Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function. Euler's formula states that, for any real number x, one has where e is the base of the natural logarithm, i is the imaginary ...

  9. Base (exponentiation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(exponentiation)

    The number n is called the exponent and the expression is known formally as exponentiation of b by n or the exponential of n with base b. It is more commonly expressed as "the n th power of b ", " b to the n th power" or " b to the power n ". For example, the fourth power of 10 is 10,000 because 104 = 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 = 10,000.